Important but Less Well-Known Side Effects of Cancer Treatment
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Symptoms caused by cancer itself or side effects caused by cancer treatments may occur. Almost everyone knows this. Examples include hair loss, weight gain or loss, and nausea. These can seriously affect a person’s quality of life . However, alongside these well-known side effects that cause significant discomfort, there are less common side effects that are at least as important.
Falls Due to Peripheral Neuropathy Characterized by Burning, Tingling and Numbness in the Hands and Feet
People undergoing cancer treatment are at risk of falling. Although the risk of falls is not specific to cancer, some chemotherapy drugs can cause what we call peripheral neuropathy, leading to reduced sensation or pain in the hands and feet; this side effect increases your risk of falling. Many patients may think they are not at risk of falling, especially younger patients or those who feel strong and healthy. However, the risk is still present.
Injuries resulting from falls can be dangerous. According to the World Health Organization, falls are the second leading cause of accidental death worldwide. Greater care is therefore necessary.
If you are receiving treatment in hospital, take extra care about going for a walk or going to the bathroom before you have become familiar with your surroundings. The first step in reducing your risk is being aware of it. If you are in hospital, need to get out of bed and feel weak, ask your accompanying relative or a healthcare professional for help. You may not want to disturb anyone, but your safety is much more important.
Another way to reduce the risk of falls is to wear shoes with supportive soles. For example, do not wear flip-flops. Always get out of bed slowly and carefully. If you feel weak or dizzy, inform your relative or a member of your healthcare team.
Cancer-Related Fatigue and Weakness
Fatigue and weakness as side effects can cause people to withdraw from activities and reduce their quality of life. People with cancer need to report this condition to their doctor or nurse. Your doctor may take measures to alleviate this side effect.
Sometimes complementary treatments may be recommended (for example, acupuncture). There is also research showing that people who walk for 20 minutes at least three times a week during cancer treatment may reduce their fatigue. On the other hand, it is also helpful to address the emotional effects of the process. A psychologist or support groups may help.
Hormonal and Sexual Changes Due to Cancer Treatment
Women receiving treatment for breast cancer usually receive hormone-suppressing treatments . These can cause unwanted side effects such as hot flashes, reduced sexual interest and the onset of menopause. In addition, the androgen (male hormone)-suppressing drugs commonly used to treat prostate cancer can also affect men’s hormonal balance, which may lead to reduced sexual desire. In addition, side effects that cancer treatment can cause include infertility and erectile dysfunction.
Complementary treatments such as acupuncture and calming techniques such as deep breathing and cool showers may help provide relief from hot flashes.
Short-Term Memory Problems (Chemo Brain)
Usually called chemo brain , the cognitive effects of cancer treatment can be challenging for patients. Mental changes involve more than simple forgetfulness and can continue after treatment ends. These effects include problems finding the right words, paying attention, focusing and concentrating. They can affect everyday life.
To address this and improve brain function, mental exercises can be used. They may be helpful in alleviating chemo brain symptoms. Treatments such as these are tailored to each individual’s needs.
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