The Relationship Between UV Rays and Cancer

Skin cancer is the most common cancer type. It is considered under 2 categories: melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers. Although melanoma is uncommon (approximately %5), it has one of the most aggressive courses, and its incidence has particularly increased in recent years.

The good news is that preventive measures exist and early diagnosis allows effective treatment. Most skin cancers result from excessive UV exposure, usually sunlight, although artificial sources such as tanning beds may also cause it. You need not avoid sunlight entirely. Remaining indoors and inactive would not be sensible, because daily physical activity matters for health. Excess sunlight, however, can harm, and certain steps limit UV effects.

Stay in shade to limit UV exposure, and cover as much skin as possible. If outside between 11:00-16:00, when rays strike more directly, wear a hat and UV-protective sunglasses to protect the head and sensitive eye area. In sunny weather in any season, applying +30 UV-protection sunscreen to exposed areas (face, arms, legs, etc.) also helps prevent skin cancer.

Many believe tanning-bed UV is harmless. This is incorrect. Ultraviolet lamps emit UVA and UVB, both causing lasting skin damage and contributing to cancer. Starting tanning beds before age 30 is particularly linked to higher melanoma risk. Most dermatologists and health organizations do not recommend tanning beds or UV lamps. If you want a tanned appearance, tanning lotion provides a safe alternative.

Skin cancer also deserves attention in children. Simple precautions can protect them from harmful UV, which plays a causal role in %90 of skin cancers. Children need special attention: those spending much time at the seaside or playing outdoors are more likely to burn and are unaware of danger. Parents and caregivers should establish habits of covering children, using hats and applying sunscreen outdoors. As children grow, explain harmful sunlight. If a child burns easily, be especially careful: cover them, use at least +30 sunscreen and limit exposure, particularly between 10:00-16:00 when rays are direct. UV-protective sunglasses protect eyes and surrounding delicate skin. Babies younger than 6 months should not face direct sunlight; use protective hats and clothing and sunscreen on exposed areas.